Drs. Mayberg, Murrough, and Nestler discuss their current research in developing personalized treatments for depression. Dr. Mayberg is a neurologist renowned for her study of brain circuits in depression and for her pioneering deep brain stimulation research, known as one of the first hypothesis-driven treatment strategies for a major mental illness. Dr. Murrough focuses on research into the variable disease pathways of depression, with the goal of differentiating subtypes of depressed patients and inventing new drugs that target these mechanisms. Dr. Nestler’s research uses animal models to delve into molecular mechanisms of depression, examining changes in gene expression and chromatin structure within the brain’s reward circuitry.